APA In-Text Citations
One author
Format
(Surname, year, p. page number)
Example
(Smith, 2013, p. 245)
Two authors
Format
(Surname & Surname, year, p. page number)
Example
(Smith & Potter, 2012, p. 45)
Three authors
Format
(Surname, Surname, & Surname, year, p. page number)
Example
(Smith, Morris, & Potter, 2011, p. 67)
Four authors
Format
Initial citation: (Surname, Surname, Surname, & Surname, year, p. page number)
Subsequent citations: (Surname et al., year, p. page number)
Example
Initial citation: (Smith, Morris, Johnson, & Potter, 2010, p. 87)
Subsequent citations: (Smith et al., 2010, p. 87)
Five authors
Format
Initial citation: (Surname, Surname, Surname, Surname, & Surname, year, p. page number)
Subsequent citations: (Surname et al., year, p. page number)
Example
Initial citation: (Smith, Morris, Johnson, Washington, & Potter, 2009, p. 95)
Subsequent citations: (Smith et al., 2009, p. 95)
Six or more authors
Format
(Surname et al., year, p. page number)
Example
(Smith et al., 2008, p. 38)
Multiple works
Format
Cite multiple works in alphabetical order with each work separated by a semi-colon
Example
(Smith et al., 2008; Washington & Potter, 2006)
Indirect citations
Format
(Surname, year, as cited in Surname, year, p. page number)
Example
(Smith et al., 2008, as cited in Washington, 2005, p. 456)
Organizational author
Format
Initial citation: (Organization Name [acronym, if any], year, p. page number)
Subsequent citations: (Acronym, year, p. page number)
Example
Initial citation: (American Psychological Association [APA], 2004, p. 265)
Subsequent citations: (APA, 2004, p. 265)